Sains Malaysiana 53(3)(2024): 653-665
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5303-13
Formation of Inclusion Complex of
Curcumin and Tetrahydrocurcumin Prevents Angiogenesis
by Inhibiting VEGF Activity: An in-silico Study
(Pembentukan Kompleks Rangkuman Kurkumin dan Tetrahidrokurkumin Menghalang Angiogenesis dengan Merencat Aktiviti VEGF: Suatu Kajian in silico)
FIRLI RAHMAH PRIMULA DEWI1,*, ULIE VIANISSA DWIUTAMI TAMBUNAN1, PUTRI AMATUL BARI1, MUHAMMAD ARDIANSYAH
FARID1, NADIRA AISHA ANJANI1, SRI PUJI ASTUTI WAHYUNINGSIH1,
AMY YI HSAN SAIK2, YONG YOKE KEONG3, VUANGHAO LIM4,
WEN NEE TAN5 & MOHAMMED ABDULLAH MAHDI ALSHAWSH6
1Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
2Department
of Pre-Clinical Sciences, M. Kandiah Faculty of
Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long City Campus, Bandar Sungai
Long, Cheras, 43000 Kajang,
Selangor, Malaysia
3Department
of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
4School
of Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang,
Malaysia
5Chemical
Sciences Programme, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800
USM Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
6Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 17 Julai2023/Diterima: 6 Februari2024
Abstract
Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) are known
for their anticancer properties, but limited solubility in water hinders their
effectiveness against cancer. In this study, we conducted an in silico exploration of β-cyclodextrin's potential to form inclusion complexes with
curcumin or THC. The aim of this
study was to assess the potential of curcumin and THC
inclusion complexes to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
signaling pathway, a key element in carcinogenesis. The in silico analysis involved multiple stages, such as bioactive compound preparation,
biological activity prediction, 3D structure retrieval of VEGF and VEGFR, protein-ligand
docking, and visualization. The results of the study demonstrated that
both the curcumin- and THC-inclusion complexes exhibit a
lower requirement for binding free energy to interact with VEGFR compared to
curcumin or THC molecules alone. When VEGFR binds with curcumin, the
curcumin-inclusion complex, or the THC-inclusion complex before interacting
with VEGF, there is a notable increase in the binding free energy for the
VEGF-VEGFR interaction. Specifically, the presence of THC-inclusion complex demonstrates the
highest binding free energy for the VEGF-VEGFR interaction. The molecular
dynamic simulation study shows that when VEGFR binds with curcumin, curcumin-inclusion complex, or
THC-inclusion complex, the fluctuation of amino acid residues in VEGFR
decreases compared to the VEGFR protein structure before binding with these molecules. In conclusion,
this study suggests that the formation of inclusion complexes holds
considerable promise for enhancing the anticancer potential of curcumin and THC
by augmenting their anti-angiogenic activity.
Keywords: Angiogenesis; cancer; curcumin; inclusion
complex; tetrahydrocurcumin
ABSTRAK
Kurkumin dan tetrahidrokurkumin (THC) terkenal dengan sifat
antikansernya, tetapi keterlarutan terhad dalam air menghalang keberkesanannya
terhadap kanser. Dalam kajian ini, kami menjalankan penyelidikan in silico terhadap potensi β-siklodekstrin untuk membentuk
kompleks rangkuman dengan kurkumin atau THC. Matlamat kajian ini adalah
untuk menilai potensi kompleks rangkuman kurkumin dan THC untuk menghalang laluan isyarat faktor pertumbuhan
endoteliaum vaskular (VEGF), unsur
utama dalam karsinogenesis. Analisis in silico melibatkan pelbagai peringkat seperti penyediaan sebatian bioaktif, ramalan
aktiviti biologi, struktur 3D temuan semulaVEGF
dan VEGFR, dok protein-ligan dan visualisasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa
kedua-dua kompleks rangkuman kurkumin dan THC menunjukkan keperluan yang lebih rendah untuk mengikat
tenaga bebas untuk berinteraksi dengan VEGFR berbanding dengan molekul kurkumin
atau THC sahaja. Apabila VEGFR diikat dengan kurkumin sebelum kompleks rangkuman kurkumin atau kompleks rangkuman THC berinteraksi dengan
VEGF, terdapat peningkatan ketara dalam tenaga bebas pengikat untuk interaksi
VEGF-VEGFR. Khususnya, kehadiran kompleks rangkuman THC menunjukkan tenaga bebas pengikat
tertinggi untuk interaksi VEGF-VEGFR. Kajian simulasi dinamik molekul menunjukkan bahawa apabila VEGFR mengikat dengan
kurkumin, kompleks rangkuman kurkumin atau kompleks rangkuman THC, turun naik
sisa asid amino dalam VEGFR berkurangan berbanding dengan struktur protein
VEGFR sebelum diikat dengan molekul ini.
Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa pembentukan kompleks rangkuman berpotensi untuk meningkatkan potensi antikanser kurkumin
dan THC dengan menambah aktiviti anti-angiogenik mereka.
Kata kunci: Angiogenesis; kanser; kurkumin; kompleks rangkuman; tetrahidrokurkumin
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: firli.rahmah@fst.unair.ac.id
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